2A2J6-ART12AromaTru

USER MANUAL | AROMATRU PLATINUM ART2 AROMATRU ESSENTIAL OIL DIFFUSER AROMATRU ESSENTIAL OIL DIFFUSER Thank You Congratulations on purchasing the AromaTru Platinum Essential Oil Diffuser. AromaTru is a smart, waterless, atomizing diffuser with a revolutionary design that allows you to combine and diffuse up to four different essential oils, customize timer settings, and create custom, mood– enhancing lighting. With AromaTru Platinum, you will experience a more powerful diffusion output. When used with our AromaTru app, you get full creative control to name and save your combination blends, start an essential oil scent collection, and schedule diffusion periods. No counting drops, no adding water, just pure diffusion— where ever and whenever you want it... your bedroom, living room, kitchen, office, or den. AROMATRU ESSENTIAL OIL DIFFUSER TABLE OF CONTENTS SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS .............................................................. 4 FCC STATEMENT ...................................................................... 5 IC WARNING .................................................................................................. 5 PRODUCT FEATURES ................................................................ 6 GETTING TO KNOW YOUR AROMATRU ................................................... 6 PROPER USAGE ............................................................................................. 6 OPERATING THE AROMATRU ESSENTIAL OIL DIFFUSER ............. 7 AromaTru Control Panel ........................................................ 7 Installing Essential Oil Bottles ................................................ 8 How To Connect Your AromaTru App ................................................ 9 Manually Diffusing Essential Oils ..................................................... 10 Diffusing Multiple Oils ........................................................................ 10 MAINTENANCE ................................................................. 11 Cleaning the Atomizer ........................................................ 11 AromaTru Cleaning Solution Warnings ........................................... 11 Cleaning External Surfaces ................................................................ 11 TROUBLESHOOTING ........................................................ 12 ONE-YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY ............................................................. 13 ARBITRATION AGREEMENT ..................................................................... 14 AROMATRU ESSENTIAL OIL DIFFUSER 4 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS PLEASE NOTE: It is crucial that you read and follow all the instructions and safety warnings in this manual. WARNING: RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK Safety precautions should always be used when operating this or any electrical appliance. Decrease the risk of electrocution, electric shock, injury, or fire by reading and following all the warnings below. • This product operates at 100 to 240 volt AC, 60Hz only, with a 24 volt DC Adaptor. • Do not run the power cord under carpets or cover with throw rugs. • Never run the essential oil diffuser unless it is fully assembled. • Attempting to service the AromaTru Essential Oil Diffuser in any way not described in this owner’s manual will void the warranty and could cause serious personal injury to the user and/ or result in considerable damage to the unit. • Never operate the AromaTru Essential Oil Diffuser if the plug or cord is damaged or appears damaged. Only qualified service personnel should replace a damaged power cord. • Never use the power cord to pick up, carry, drag, pull, or lift the AromaTru Essential Oil Diffuser. Do not pull the cord against or around sharp corners and edges. This could result in injury to the user or damage to the cord. • Always remove the plug from its power outlet by holding onto the plug itself and pulling gently. Never pull on the cord itself to unplug it from its power outlet. • The AromaTru Essential Oil Diffuser is an electrical appliance. Adult supervision is required when operating around children. AROMATRU ESSENTIAL OIL DIFFUSER 5 FCC STATEMENT This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1)This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. IC WARNING This device contains license-exempt transmitter(s)/receiver(s) that comply with Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada’s license-exempt RSS(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1) This device may not cause interference. 2) This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of …

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DATE : November 18, 2022 Federal Communications Commission Authorization & Evaluation Division 7345 Oakland Mills Road Columbia, Maryland 21046 Authority to Act as Agent On our behalf, I appoint Jason Wu of Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd.and No. 123-128, Tower A, Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China to act as our agent in the preparation of this application for equipment certification. I certify that submitted documents properly describe the device or system for which equipment certification is sought. I also certify that each unit manufactured, imported or marketed, as defined in the Federal Communications Commission’s regulations will have affixed to it a label identical to that submitted for approval with this application. For instances where our authorized agent signs the application for certification on our behalf, I acknowledge that all responsibility for complying with the terms and conditions for certification, still resides with Ideal Living LLC and 14724 Ventura Blvd, Suite 200, Sherman Oaks, California 91403, United States Signature: Name: Michael Pedersen Title: VP of QA Company: Ideal Living LLC

PRODUCTS DECLARATION We: Ideal Living LLC Certify that: All models have the similar construction design, critical components and material expect the model name and resistance RS-10 and RS-5 parameters. Please kindly proceed reports. Authorized Signature : Date: U November 18, 2022 U

Ideal Living LLC DATE : November 18,2022 Equipment Autorisation Division Federal Communications Commission 7435 Oakland Mills Road Columbia, MD 21046 FCC ID: 2A2J6-ART12 Product Name: AromaTru Request for Confidentiality To Whom It May Concern, Pursuant to the provisions of the Commission’s rules Title 47 Sections §0.457 and §0.459, we are requesting the Commission to withhold the following attachment(s) as confidential documents from public disclosure indefinitely. These documents contain detailed system and equipment descriptions and are considered as proprietary information in operation of the equipment. The public disclosure of these documents might be harmful to our company and would give competitors an unfair advantage in the market. Schematic Diagram Block Diagram Operational Description In additional to above mentioned documents, in order to comply with the marketing regulations in Title 47 CFR §2.803 and the importation rules in Title 47 CFR §2.1204, while ensuring that business sensitive information remains confidential until the actual marketing of newly authorized devices, we request Short Term Confidentiality of the following attachment(s); External Photos Test Setup Photos Internal Photos User Manual For 45 days, pursuant to Public Notice DA 04-1705. OR For 180 days pursuantto KDB 726920 D01. It is our understanding that all measurement test reports, FCC ID label format and correspondence during the certification review process cannot be granted as confidential documents and this information will be available for public review once the grant of equipment authorization is issued. Signature: Name: Michael Pedersen Title: VP of QA Company: Ideal Living LLC

Model No.: ART1

AromaTru LLC AromaTru Model No: ART1 5 Volt DC / 15 Watt Date Code: XXXXXXXX / Lot No.: XXXXXXX-XX FCC ID: 2A2J6-ART12 / IC:27564-ART12 CAN ICES-003(B) / NMB-003(B) This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Patentlist at AromaTruorganics.com/Patent Made in China AromaTru_ART1_RatingLABEL_12.22_R1 / 12.07.22 Trim: 60mm circular Prints black ink at 75% on a gloss white sticker label. Magenta dieline does not print. AromaTru LLC AromaTru Model No: ART2 5 Volt DC / 15 Watt Date Code: XXXXXXXX / Lot No.: XXXXXXX-XX FCC ID: 2A2J6-ART12 / IC:27564-ART12 CAN ICES-003(B) / NMB-003(B) This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Patentlist at AromaTruorganics.com/Patent Made in China AromaTru_ART2_RatingLABEL_12.22_R1 / 12.07.22 Trim: 60mm circular Prints black ink at 75% on a gloss white sticker label. Magenta dieline does not print.

Label location 100 024-BLK_Label sample a nd label location

Model No.: ART1

FCC ID: 2A2J6-ART12 RF Exposure Evaluation Limits The criteria listed in the following table shall be used to evaluate the environment impact of human exposure to radio frequency (RF) radiation as specified in 1.1307(b) Limits for Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) Frequency range (MHz) Electric field strength (V/m) Magnetic field strength (A/m) Power density (mW/cm 2 ) Averaging time (minutes) (A) Limits for Occupational/Controlled Exposures 0.3–3.0 614 1.63 *(100) 6 3.0–30 1842/f 4.89/f *(900/f 2 ) 6 30–300 61.4 0.163 1.0 6 300–1500 f/300 6 1500–100,000 5 6 (B) Limits for General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure 0.3–1.34 614 1.63 *(100) 30 1.34–30 824/f 2.19/f *(180/f 2 ) 30 30–300 27.5 0.073 0.2 30 300–1500 f/1500 30 1500–100,000 1.0 30 f = frequency in MHz Friis transmission formula: Pd = (Pout*G)/(4*pi*r 2 ) Where Pd = power density in mW/cm 2 , Pout = output power to antenna in mW; G = gain of antenna in linear scale, Pi = 3.1416; R = distance between observation point and center of the radiator in cm Pd id the limit of MPE, 1 mW/cm 2 . If we know the maximum gain of the antenna and the total power input to the antenna, through the calculation, we will know the distance r where the MPE limit is reached. Test Procedure Software provided by client enabled the EUT to transmit and receive data at lowest, middle and highest channel individually. FCC ID: 2A2J6-ART12 Test Result of RF Exposure Evaluation WIFI 2.4G Channel Output power to antenna (dBm) Output power to antenna (mW) Power Density at R=20cm (mW/cm2) Limit (mW/cm2) Result 2412MHz 15.44 34.99 0.0110 1.0 PASS Remark: antenna gain=2dBi The max power density is less than MPE exempt limit, so it is compliance.

Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Authorized Signature: Robinson Luo Laboratory Manager This results shown in this test report refer only to the sample(s) tested, this test report cannot be reproduced, except in full, without prior written permission of the company. The report would be invalid without specific stamp of test institute and the signatures of compiler and approver. Page 1 of 41 TEST REPORT Applicant: Ideal Living LLC Address of Applicant: 14724 Ventura Blvd, Suite 200, Sherman Oaks, California 91403, United States Manufacturer: Ideal Living LLC Address of Manufacturer: 14724 Ventura Blvd, Suite 200, Sherman Oaks, California 91403, United States Factory: Zhangzhou iHastek Inc. Address of Factory: No. 10, Jinda Road, Wanlida Industry Zone, Jinfeng Industrial Estate, Zhangzhou, Fujian,China Equipment Under Test (EUT) Product Name: AromaTru Model No.: ART1, ART2 Trade Mark: AromaTru FCC ID: 2A2J6-ART12 Applicable standards: FCC CFR Title 47 Part 15 Subpart C Section 15.247 Date of sample receipt: September 26, 2022 Date of Test: September 27, 2022-November 07, 2022 Date of report issued: November 07, 2022 Test Result : PASS * * In the configuration tested, the EUT complied with the standards specified above. Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 2 of 41 2 Version Version No. Date Description 00 November 07, 2022 Original Prepared By: Date: November 07, 2022 Project Engineer Check By: Date: November 07, 2022 Reviewer Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 3 of 41 3 Contents Page 1 COVER PAGE ........................................................................................................................................... 1 2 VERSION .................................................................................................................................................. 2 3 CONTENTS .............................................................................................................................................. 3 4 TEST SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... 4 5 GENERAL INFORMATION ...................................................................................................................... 5 5.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF EUT ......................................................................................................... 5 5.2 TEST MODE ........................................................................................................................................ 7 5.3 DESCRIPTION OF SUPPORT UNITS ....................................................................................................... 7 5.4 DEVIATION FROM STANDARDS ............................................................................................................. 7 5.5 ABNORMALITIES FROM STANDARD CONDITIONS ................................................................................... 7 5.6 TEST FACILITY .................................................................................................................................... 7 5.7 TEST LOCATION ................................................................................................................................. 7 5.8 ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS ................................................................................................................. 7 6 TEST INSTRUMENTS LIST ..................................................................................................................... 8 7 TEST RESULTS AND MEASUREMENT DATA .................................................................................... 10 7.1 ANTENNA REQUIREMENT ................................................................................................................... 10 7.2 CONDUCTED EMISSIONS ................................................................................................................... 11 7.3 CONDUCTED PEAK OUTPUT POWER .................................................................................................. 16 7.4 CHANNEL BANDWIDTH ...................................................................................................................... 17 7.5 POWER SPECTRAL DENSITY ............................................................................................................. 18 7.6 SPURIOUS EMISSION IN NON-RESTRICTED & RESTRICTED BANDS ....................................................... 19 7.6.1 Conducted Emission Method ..................................................................................................... 19 7.6.2 Radiated Emission Method ........................................................................................................ 20 8 TEST SETUP PHOTO ............................................................................................................................ 41 9 EUT CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS ..................................................................................................... 41 Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 4 of 41 4 Test Summary Test Item Section Result Antenna requirement FCC part 15.203/15.247 (c) Pass AC Power Line Co…

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Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 1 of 40 Appendix for 15.247 1. Bandwidth 1.1 OBW 1.1.1 Test Result Mode TX Type Frequency (MHz) ANT 99% Occupied Bandwidth (MHz) Verdict Result 802.11b SISO 2412 1 13.387 Pass 2437 1 13.303 Pass 2462 1 13.295 Pass 802.11g SISO 2412 1 17.670 Pass 2437 1 17.617 Pass 2462 1 17.633 Pass 802.11n (HT20) SISO 2412 1 18.626 Pass 2437 1 18.614 Pass 2462 1 18.606 Pass 802.11n (HT40) SISO 2422 1 39.076 Pass 2437 1 38.999 Pass 2452 1 39.049 Pass Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 2 of 40 1.1.2 Test Graph 802.11b_LCH_2412MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11b_MCH_2437MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 3 of 40 802.11b_HCH_2462MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11g_LCH_2412MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 4 of 40 802.11g_MCH_2437MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11g_HCH_2462MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 5 of 40 802.11n(HT20)_LCH_2412MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11n(HT20)_MCH_2437MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 6 of 40 802.11n(HT20)_HCH_2462MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11n(HT40)_LCH_2422MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 7 of 40 802.11n(HT40)_MCH_2437MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11n(HT40)_HCH_2452MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 8 of 40 1.2 6dB BW 1.2.1 Test Result Mode TX Type Frequency (MHz) ANT 6dB Bandwidth (MHz) Verdict Result Limit 802.11b SISO 2412 1 10.061 >=0.5 Pass 2437 1 10.068 >=0.5 Pass 2462 1 10.049 >=0.5 Pass 802.11g SISO 2412 1 16.493 >=0.5 Pass 2437 1 16.505 >=0.5 Pass 2462 1 16.504 >=0.5 Pass 802.11n (HT20) SISO 2412 1 17.757 >=0.5 Pass 2437 1 17.747 >=0.5 Pass 2462 1 17.742 >=0.5 Pass 802.11n (HT40) SISO 2422 1 36.432 >=0.5 Pass 2437 1 36.415 >=0.5 Pass 2452 1 36.398 >=0.5 Pass Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 9 of 40 1.2.2 Test Graph 802.11b_LCH_2412MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11b_MCH_2437MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 10 of 40 802.11b_HCH_2462MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11g_LCH_2412MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 11 of 40 802.11g_MCH_2437MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11g_HCH_2462MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 12 of 40 802.11n(HT20)_LCH_2412MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11n(HT20)_MCH_2437MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 13 of 40 802.11n(HT20)_HCH_2462MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11n(HT40)_LCH_2422MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F01 Global United Technology Services Co., Ltd. No. 123-128, Tower A,Jinyuan Business Building, No.2, Laodong Industrial Zone, Xixiang Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518102 Telephone: +86 (0) 755 2779 8480 Fax: +86 (0) 755 2779 8960 Page 14 of 40 802.11n(HT40)_MCH_2437MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV 802.11n(HT40)_HCH_2452MHz_Ant1 (SISO)_NTNV Report No.: GTS202209000195F…

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Small Size 2.4GHz PCB Antenna‐AN043 1 KEYWORDS  PCB antenna  Average Gain 2dBi  ESP32  IOT application  2.4 GHz  Inverted F Antenna  Antenna Manufacturer Information Espressif Systems (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Room 304, Building 2, 690 Bibo Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 2 INTRODUCTION The PCB antenna described in this application note is now used on ESP32 module reference design. However, it can also be used in all 2.4 GHz designs, especially small space is required for the antenna. This application note describes the antenna dimensions, the RF performance and considerations for complying with regulatory limits when using this design. The suggested antenna design requires no more than 15.2 x 5.7 mm of space and ensures a VSWR ratio of less than 2 across the 2.4 GHz ISM band when connected to a 50 ohm source. Figure 1: ESP32 3 ANTENNA DESIGN The PCB antenna on the ESP32 Module reference design is a meandered Inverted F Antenna (IFA). The IFA was designed to match an impedance of 50 ohm at 2.45 GHz. Thus no additional matching components are necessary. 3.1 Design Goals The reflection at the feed point of the antenna determines how much of the applied power is delivered to the antenna. A reflection of less than ‐10 dB across the 2.4 GHz ISM band, when connected to a 50 ohm source, was a design goal. Reflection of less than ‐10 dB, or VSWR less than 2, ensures that more than 90% of the available power is delivered to the antenna. Bandwidth is in this document defined as the frequency band where more than 90% of the available power is delivered to the antenna. Another design goal was to fit the size of the PCB antenna on the esp32 Module and to obtain good performance also when it is used in IOT applications. 3.2 Simulation IE3D from Zeland, which is an electromagnetic simulation tool, was used to design the antenna. The accuracy of the simulation is controlled by the mesh. An increase of the mesh increases the simulation time. Thus, for initial simulations mesh = 1 should be used. When a fairly good result is achieved a higher mesh should be used to obtain more accurate results. Comparison of simulation and measurement results shows that the measured reflection is between the result obtained with mesh = 5 and mesh = 1; see Figure 2 for details. Figure 2: Comparison of Simulation and Measurements Results 3.3 Layout and Implementation Small changes of the antenna dimensions may have large impact on the performance. Therefore it is strongly recommended to make an exact copy of the reference design to achieve optimum performance. It is also recommended to use the same thickness and type of PCB material as used in the reference design. To compensate for a thicker/thinner PCB the antenna could be made slightly shorter/longer. Figure 3: Antenna Dimensions L1 3.94 L2 2.70 L3 5.00 L4 2.64 L5 2.00 L6 4.90 W1 0.90 W2 0.50 D1 0.50 D2 0.30 D3 0.30 D4 0.50 D5 1 .40 D6 1 .70 Table 1: Antenna Dimensions 4 TEST RESULTS Reflection, radiation pattern and variation of output power across a wide frequency band were measured to verify the performance of the PCB antenna. 4.1 Reflection All the reflection measurements were performed with a network analyzer connected to a semi‐rigid coax cable, which was soldered to the feed point of the antenna. Because of the small size antenna and the small ground plane this kind of measurements is heavily affected by the presence and placement of the coax cable. This influence can result in a small uncertainty in resonance frequency and measured reflection. Typically different placement of the semi‐rigid coax cable could change the resonance frequency with 5 ‐10 MHz and the reflection with 3 ‐ 4 dB. Figure 4: Influence of Plastic Encapsulation and Test Pins The size of the ground plane affects the performance of the PCB antenna. Soldering esp32 to a test board increases the size of the ground plane and thus the performance is affected. However, bandwidth still can be enough to cover the whole 2.4 GHz ISM band. 4.2 Radiation Pattern The radiation pattern for the antenna implemented on the esp32 reference design has been measured in an anechoic chamber. Figure 6 through Figure 11 shows radiation patterns for three planes, XY, XZ and YZ, measured with vertical and horizontal polarization. All measurements were performed with 0 dBm output power. Figure 5 shows how the different radiation patters are related to the positioning of the antenna. Figure 5: How to Relate the Antenna to the Radiation Patterns Figure 6:AN043 XY Plane Figure 7:AN043 XZ Plane Figure 7:AN043 YZ Plane 4.3 Output Power To make a realistic bandwidth measurement of the antenna a small test program was used. The test program stepped the center frequency of a carrier from 2.3 to 2.8 GHz. This bandwidth measurement was also done to verify the result from the reflection measurements, described in section 5.1. The output power was measured using max hold on a spectrum analyzer. CC2511 was programmed for 0 dBm output power and the antenna was horizontally oriented and directed towards the receiving antenna. This corresponds to 0° in the XY plane on Figure 6. The bandwidth measurements were not performed with a correction factor on the spectrum analyzer. Thus, the results in Figure 15 and Figure 16 only show the relative changes in output power and not the actual level. Figure 15 shows the bandwidth of the antenna when the dongle is not connected to a computer. The result shows that the antenna has a variation in output power of less than 3 dB across a frequency band of more than 350 MHz. This demonstrates that the antenna has a broadband characteristic. Maximum output power is measured to be at 2.54 GHz. Thus if the same antenna is implemented …

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