MAYDA582332450 MHz Mass Movement Sensor

1/5 AN5373 Application Note AN5373 Mass Movement Vehicle Alarm Sensors Application Note AN5373-1.1 July 2000 Filter Every Event Comparator Output Comparator Amplifiers Oscillator Antennae Detector Temp. comp. ASIC Voltage Regulator Timing Function Protection Circuitry Fig. 1: MMS schematic 1.INTRODUCTION The Dynex Semiconductor Mass Movement Sensor (MMS) is a volumetric microwave Doppler radar sensor that operates at 2.45 GHz in the ISM band. The MMS is ideal for use in vehicle security systems and is compatible with existing alarm systems that incorporate a volumetric sensor input. The sensor is supplied as a fully assembled and tested unit, designed for housing in a customer’s own case following the Dynex Semiconductor guidelines. The sensor is suitable for use in all classes of vehicles including: lSaloons, Touring and SUV’s lCabriolet, Convertibles and Roadsters lLight and Heavy Commercial Vehicles The MMS detection range can be adjusted so that the microwave beam coverage is confined within the desired area of the vehicle. Microwave radar technology offers benefits over competing technologies, lExtremely low false alarm level lImmunity to climatic change lSingle sensor - Easy Installation lSensor can be hidden behind trim lHigh level of EMC immunity lProtection with windows and load space doors open 2. FUNCTIONALITY The sensor utilises the Doppler effect principle. A frequency stabilised transistor oscillator is used to generate a RF signal at 2.450GHz. This signal is transmitted via a planar patch antenna structure embodied into the design of the printed circuit board to produce a free space RF beam pattern approximating to a hemi- spherical ellipse. The RF beam shape within a vehicle will be modified due to internal reflections and resonance’s particular to the vehicle and its internal structure. The size and material of a target determines the amplitude of the received Doppler signal, the velocity of a target determines the Doppler frequency. Reflections within the vehicle from stationary objects such as the seats and steering column produce no Doppler shift and therefore do not trigger the sensor. However, movement within the defined sensor range will be detected and generate an alarm event. 2/5 AN5373 Application Note Interior detection Steering Wheel: Good Rear Parcel Shelf: Poor Front Seats:Good Side Doors:Good Rear Seats :Weak Door Pockets:Good Radio:Good Glovebox:Good Interior detection Steering Wheel: Weak Rear Parcel Shelf: Weak Front Seats:Good Side Doors:Good Rear Seats :Good Door Pockets:Poor Radio:Good Glovebox:Weak Fig. 2: Centre roof mounted Fig. 3: Front roof mounted The Doppler frequency (D f ) generated by a moving target within the sensor detection area is equal to, where fo is the signal transmitted frequency, v is the velocity of the target and c is the velocity of light. The frequency shifted signal is received by the same antenna structure and is mixed with the transmitted signal to generate the base band Doppler signal. The low frequency, low amplitude Doppler signal is then processed by a custom designed mixed signal ASIC. A block schematic of the MMS alarm sensor is shown in Figure 1. The ASIC first amplifies and filters the Doppler signal to remove noise. The analogue signal is then processed by an ‘every event’ window comparator which generates a digital output for every signal that exceeds the comparator thresholds. The ‘every event’ digital output can be fed to an external alarm control unit for further software signal processing to determine if the detected targets constitute a real alarm event. If the alarm control unit does not have a software algorithm capability then the MMS can integrate the ‘every event’ outputs to generate a main alarm event output. 3. IN CAR PERFORMANCE The performance specification of a volumetric sensor based system is primarily determined by balancing the three main requirements, lZero False Alarms lFull Interior coverage lGuaranteed Theft detection No known system can meet these three needs simultaneously, but a balance of performance parameters can be tempered to any one customer’s personal preference. To understand the trade-off between system performance parameters it is useful to define certain terminology. False Alarms A false alarm is an action or situation that does not threaten the welfare of the interior of the vehicle. It is convenient however to categorise ‘false alarms’ into two categories: Accidental and Intentional. Accidental False Alarms: This may refer to such occurrences commonly experienced with ultrasonic sensors, such as; climatic changes, strong winds buffeting the vehicle, shock waves from aircraft take-off, insects within the car, EMC. c vf D o f 2 = 3/5 AN5373 Application Note Interior detection Steering Wheel: Weak Rear Parcel Shelf: Poor Front Seats:Good Side Doors:Good Rear Seats :Poor Door Pockets:Good Radio:Good Glovebox:Good Fig. 4: Front centre console mounted Interior detection Steering Wheel: Weak Rear Parcel Shelf: Poor Front Seats:Weak Side Doors:Good Rear Seats :Poor Door Pockets:Weak Radio:Good Glovebox:Good Fig.5: Front floor mounted Intentional False Alarms: An example of an intentional false alarm is by rocking the vehicle as to cause the interior contents to move and generate an alarm event. An intentional false alarm is characterised by the intent of someone to trigger the alarm to cause nuisance or to deactivate the volumetric sensor. Ultimately any volumetric sensor can be triggered if the intent is strong enough. The primary objective is to make the security system immune to simple intentional false alarm events. Interior Coverage The interior coverage of the sensor is the internal volume of the vehicle within which it is possible to reliably detect a thief attempting to steal the vehicle itself or the major valuable contents. Definition of the interior coverage is partially dependent upon the alarm system philosophy. The main parameters that interior alarm sensors would like …

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ST7FLITEE29F2M6 μCONTROLLER E 2 PROM (on board) REG +5V +5V 2.45GHz ALARM O/P PROG I/P GAINON/OFF DOPPLER CAL O/P I/P CLOCK t X47X48 25Hx LPF 4MHz

Dynex Semiconductor Limited, Doddington Road, Lincoln, United Kingdom, LN6 3LF Tel: +44-(0)1522-500500 Fax: +44-(0)1522-500550 www.dynexsemi.com Registered in England and Wales: No 3824626 Registered Office: Doddington Road, Lincoln, United Kingdom, LN6 3LF Telecommunication Certification Body Radio Frequency Investigation Ltd. Ewhurst Park Ramsdell Basingstoke Hampshire RG26 5RQ England 10th March 2003 Subject: Certification Application FCC ID: MAYDA58233 It is requested that the following information is to be held confidential on behalf of Dynex Semiconductor Ltd. FCC Rules Part 0.459 refers. Exhibit Number of files Number of pages per file FCC BOARD LAYOUT 1 1 FCC PARTS LIST 1 4 FCC CIRC DIAG 1 1 This information is highly commercially sensitive, in order to prevent competition copying this leading edge design. In order to prevent unauthorised disclosure, the information contained in the above listed files is only ever supplied by Dynex on a need to know basis, and then only once a Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) is in place between Dynex and the intended recipient. Such information is not available to the general public, and should be considered confidential from now onwards. Yours sincerely Paul Carter Dynex Semiconductor Ltd.

Dynex Semiconductor Limited, Doddington Road, Lincoln, United Kingdom, LN6 3LF Tel: +44-(0)1522-500500 Fax: +44-(0)1522-500550 www.dynexsemi.com Registered in England and Wales: No 3824626 Registered Office: Doddington Road, Lincoln, United Kingdom, LN6 3LF Telecommunication Certification Body Radio Frequency Investigation Ltd. Ewhurst Park Ramsdell Basingstoke Hampshire RG26 5RQ England 28 April 2003 Subject: Certification Application FCC ID: MAYDA58233 It is requested that the following information is to be held confidential on behalf of Dynex Semiconductor Ltd. FCC Rules Part 0.459 refers. Exhibit Number of files Number of pages per file FCC PARTS LIST 1 4 FCC CIRC DIAG 1 1 This information is highly commercially sensitive, in order to prevent competition copying this leading edge design. In order to prevent unauthorised disclosure, the information contained in the above listed files is only ever supplied by Dynex on a need to know basis, and then only once a Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) is in place between Dynex and the intended recipient. Such information is not available to the general public, and should be considered confidential from now onwards. Yours sincerely Paul Carter Dynex Semiconductor Ltd.

RECEIVER Volvo DOCK/GATE SUPPLIER NAME DYNEX SEMICONDUCTOR LOAD REF./ADVICE NOTE (N) 03090001 NET WT (KG) 12.02 GROSS WT (KG) 12.12 NO. BOXES 1 PART NUMBER (P) 8673921 DESCRIPTION ALARM SENSOR (MICROWAVE) QUANTITY (Q) 0 SUPPLIER PART NUMBER DA5823-033 SUPPLIER (V) 11019 PROD. DATE P030225 ENG. CHANGE AREA BATCH NUMBER (H) 6112 SERIAL (S) 61120006 Odette Ver.1 Rev.4 Dynex PAS: \LBS\5823\033-003.DOC For Distribution In: A, B, D, DK, E, F, GB, GR, I, IRL, L, NL, P, S, SF. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

SENSOR PRODUCTS 3MS ALARM SENSOR 1. INTRODUCTION The Dynex Semiconductor 3MS alarm sensor is a volumetric microwave Doppler radar sensor that operates at 2.45 GHz in the ISM band. The design is ideal for use in vehicle security systems and is compatible with existing alarm systems that incorporate a volumetric sensor input. The sensor is supplied as a fully assembled and tested unit, designed for housing in a customer’s own case following the Dynex Semiconductor guidelines. The sensor is initiated when the vehicle is locked. 2. FUNCTIONALITY A block diagram of the sensor is shown in Figure 1. The sensor utilises the Doppler effect principle. For a Doppler system, the received frequency difference is found from: C vf fff o or 2 =−=∆ where: f o Carrier frequency (Hz) f r Received frequency (Hz) ∆f Baseband frequency difference (Hz) v velocity (m/s) C 3 x 10 8 (m/s) so that: () o or f ffC v 2 − = This gives a velocity sensing range of 0.03 m/s to 1.6 m/s. The alarm sensor employs an autodyne radar, based on a ceramic resonator stabilised transistor oscillator and balanced mixer, coupled to a planar patch antenna structure embedded into the design of the printed circuit board. This produces a free space RF beam pattern approximating to a hemispherical ellipse. Temperature compensation of the oscillator is incorporated to reduce the frequency excursion with temperature to within design limits. The output of the mixer is the low amplitude base band Doppler signal, which is fed for analogue signal processing. The signal is filtered and amplified and then fed to a microcontroller for further signal processing. ST7FLITEE29F2M6μCONTROLLER E 2 PROM (on board) REG +5V +5V 2.45GHz ALARM O/P PROG I/P GAIN ON/OFF DOPPLER CAL O/P I/P CLOCK t X47 X48 25Hx LPF 4MHz FIGURE 1: 3MS Block Diagram The microcontroller performs an analogue-to-digital conversion on the Doppler signal, an output pulse being generated (of approximately 1 second duration) dependant upon a threshold crossing from a digital “charge pump” simulator. The microcontroller provides high gain setting resolution by use of a 10-bit ADC. Analogue gain of the baseband signal is fixed and the thresholds adjusted accordingly to set the sensitivity of the sensor. The microcontroller also provides the controlling waveform to enable duty cycling of the RF power. The RF beam shape within a vehicle will be modified due to internal reflections and resonances particular to the vehicle and its internal structure. The size and material of a target determines the amplitude of the received Doppler signal, the velocity of a target determines the Doppler frequency. Reflections within the vehicle from stationary objects such as the seats and steering column produce no Doppler shift and therefore do not trigger the sensor. However, movement within the defined sensor range will be detected and generate an alarm event which will be recognised by the Alarm Control Unit (ACU), the ACU then initiating an audible alarm.

Radio Frequency Investigation Ltd, Ewhurst Park, Ramsdell, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG26 5RQ, ENGLAND. Tel: +44 (0) 1256 851193 Fax: +44 (0) 1256 851192 Registered in England, No. 211 7901. Registered Office: Ewhurst Park, Ramsdell, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG26 5RQ 0644 TEST REPORT FROM RADIO FREQUENCY INVESTIGATION LTD. Test Of: Dynex Semiconductor Ltd DA5823-C33 Mass Movement Sensor To: FCC Part 15 Subpart C (Intentional Radiators) Section 15.245 Test Report Serial No: RFI/MPTB1/RP44233JD08A This Test Report Is Issued Under The Authority Of Richard Jacklin, Operations Director: Checked By: pp Tested By: Release Version No: PDF01 Issue Date: 28 April 2003 Test Dates: 14 April 2003 to 15 April 2003 This report is issued in Adobe Acrobat portable document format (PDF). It is only a valid copy of the report if it is being viewed in PDF format with the following security options not allowed: Changing the document, Selecting text and graphics, Adding or changing notes and form fields. Furthermore, the date of creation must match the issue date stated above. This report may be copied in full. The results in this report apply only to the sample(s) tested. RADIO FREQUENCY INVESTIGATION LTD. TEST REPORT S.No: RFI/MPTB1/RP44233JD08A Operations Group Page: 2 of 34 Issue Date: 28 April 2003 Test Of: Dynex Semiconductor Ltd DA5823-C33 Mass Movement Sensor To: FCC Part 15 Subpart C (Intentional Radiators) Section 15.245 This page has been left intentionally blank. RADIO FREQUENCY INVESTIGATION LTD. TEST REPORT S.No: RFI/MPTB1/RP44233JD08A Operations Group Page: 3 of 34 Issue Date: 28 April 2003 Test Of: Dynex Semiconductor Ltd DA5823-C33 Mass Movement Sensor To: FCC Part 15 Subpart C (Intentional Radiators) Section 15.245 Table of Contents 1. Client Information..........................................................................................................4 2. Equipment Under Test (EUT) .......................................................................................5 3. Test Specification, Methods And Procedures ............................................................7 4. Deviations From The Test Specification .....................................................................8 5. Operation Of The EUT During Testing ........................................................................9 6. Summary Of Test Results...........................................................................................10 7. Measurements, Examinations And Derived Results................................................11 8. Measurement Uncertainty ..........................................................................................15 Appendix 1. Test Equipment Used ................................................................................16 Appendix 2. Measurement Methods ..............................................................................17 Appendix 3. Test Configuration Drawings....................................................................19 Appendix 4. Graphical Test Results ..............................................................................22 RADIO FREQUENCY INVESTIGATION LTD. TEST REPORT S.No: RFI/MPTB1/RP44233JD08A Operations Group Page: 4 of 34 Issue Date: 28 April 2003 Test Of: Dynex Semiconductor Ltd DA5823-C33 Mass Movement Sensor To: FCC Part 15 Subpart C (Intentional Radiators) Section 15.245 1. Client Information Company Name: Dynex Semiconductor Ltd Address: Lincoln Industrial Park Doddington Road Lincoln Lincolnshire LN6 3LF Contact Name: Mr J Ashburner RADIO FREQUENCY INVESTIGATION LTD. TEST REPORT S.No: RFI/MPTB1/RP44233JD08A Operations Group Page: 5 of 34 Issue Date: 28 April 2003 Test Of: Dynex Semiconductor Ltd DA5823-C33 Mass Movement Sensor To: FCC Part 15 Subpart C (Intentional Radiators) Section 15.245 2. Equipment Under Test (EUT) The following information (with the exception of the Date of Receipt) has been supplied by the client: 2.1. Identification Of Equipment Under Test (EUT) Brand Name: Dynex Semiconductor Model Name or Number: DA5823-C33 Unique Type Identification: Not applicable Serial Number: DA5823-033-031404-00488 Country of Manufacture: UK FCC ID Number: MAYDA58233 Date of Receipt: 07 April 2003 2.2. Description Of EUT The Dynex Semiconductor Mass Movement Sensor, DA5823-C33 is a volumetric microwave Doppler radar sensor that operates at 2.45 GHz in the ISM band, and is intended for automotive applications. 2.3. Modifications Incorporated In EUT The EUT has not been modified from the Model Name or Unique Type Identification number stated above. 2.4. Additional Information Related To Testing Power Supply Requirement: DC supply of 12 Volts Intended Operating Environment: Vehicle Interior Weight: 0.06 kg Dimensions: 71.8 x 76.2 x 18.6 mm Interface Ports: DC Connector (JAE) ILAG5-5PK-S3L2-LB RADIO FREQUENCY INVESTIGATION LTD. TEST REPORT S.No: RFI/MPTB1/RP44233JD08A Operations Group Page: 6 of 34 Issue Date: 28 April 2003 Test Of: Dynex Semiconductor Ltd DA5823-C33 Mass Movement Sensor To: FCC Part 15 Subpart C (Intentional Radiators) Section 15.245 2.5. Support Equipment The following support equipment was used to exercise the EUT during testing: Description: Programming Box Brand Name: Dynex Manufacture Model Name or Number: None stated by client Serial Number: None stated by client FCC ID Number: None stated by client Cable Length And Type: 250 mm multicore Connected to Port: (Interface Unit) Description: Interface Unit Brand Name: Dynex Manufacture Model Name or Number: None stated by client Serial Number: None stated by client FCC ID Number: None stated by client Cable Length And Type: 400 mm multicore Connected to Port: Power, Control and Output RADIO FREQUENCY INVESTIGATION LTD. TEST REPORT S.No: RFI/MPTB1/RP44233JD08A Operations Group Page: 7 of 34 Issue Date: 28 April 2003 Test Of: Dynex Semiconductor Ltd DA5823-C33 Mass Movement Sensor To: FCC Part 15 Subpart C (Intentional Radiators) Section 15.245 3. Test Specificat…

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