NX5KHDD-1000SWEATHER RADAR SYSTEM

Page 8 of 52 4.1 KHDD-1000S/HF Photographs and Block Diagram  Figure1 KHDD1000S/HFRadarSystemControlandTransmitterCabinets 

Page 9 of 52   Figure2 KlystronTransmitterandSolenoid(frontview,coversremoved)   Page 10 of 52   Figure3 KlystronTransmitterandSolenoid(rearview,coversremoved)

Page 32 of 52 5.1.4 System RF Power Density and Radiation Safety 5.1.4.1 KHDD-1000S/HF Compliance with RF Exposure Limitations ThefollowingoutlinesthecomplianceoftheKHDD1000S/HFwithOETBulletin65,Evaluatiing CompliancewithFCCGuidelinesforHumanExposuretoRadiofrequencyElectromagneticFields andFCCOETBulletin56,Table1Aand1B,Q&AregardingBiologicalEffectsandPotential HazardsofRadiofrequencyElectromagneticFields.  PeakTransmittedPower1,000,000W LargestPulseWidth4.5μS HighestPulseRepetitionFrequency(Using Pulsewidthlistedabove) 333Hz AveragePower(P)1498W Wavelength()8.52cm AntennaReflectorDiameter(D)6m AntennaReflectorSurfaceArea(A)10.8m 2 AntennaReflectorIsotropicGain44.1dBi Table5.1.4.11:KHDD1000S/HFOperatingParameters Giventhattheparametersintable5.1.4.11arefixedforthisconfiguration(worstcase),the powerdensityisafunctionofrangefromtheantennaandlocationwithregardtotheaxisof themainantennabeam.Thepowerdensityisgreatestalongthemainbeamaxis,soall calculationsaremadeforthisconditionwhichwouldcoverbettercasescenarios. Threedifferentmethodsareusedtoestimatepowerdensity,dependingonwhetherthepoint ofinterestisinthenearfieldregion,transitionregionorfarfieldregionoftheantennabeam. Inthisparticularcase,weutilizethefarfieldequationwithanonaxistarget,I.E.directlyinthe transmittedbeamoutsideofthe1mW/cm 2 rangebutwithinthe5mW/cm 2 range.This simulatesapointofinterestinthe“dangerzone”oftheKHDD1000S/HFradarset. Table5.1.4.12predictstheonaxisRFpowerdensityatboththe5mW/cm 2 leveland 1mW/cm 2 level.FollowingthetablearetheequationsutilizedtopredicttheRFfieldsare shown.  Page 33 of 52 Table 5.1.4.1-2: On Axis RF Power Density chart for compliance with FCC OET Uncontrolled Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagn etic Fields Tx Average Power (dBm) 61.7 dBm Antenna Gain 44.1 dBi RADAR # KHDD-1000S/HF Transmission Loss (dB) 2 dB Start Range 0 yards EIRP 23.99 Gigawatts Pulse ERP 23.99 Mwatts Ave Power @ Antenna 59.7 dBm Plot Every 3 Yards Rad Hazard Minimum Distance OET 65, Supplement B (Edition 97-01) Controlled Access – 6 minute average exposure 5mW/cm 2 641.3 feet Pulsed Radar Calculations Uncontrolled Access – 30 minute average exposure 1mW/cm 2 1434.0 feet

Page 34 of 52 5.1.5 Compliance with RF Exposure Limitations ThefollowingsummaryexplainsthecompliancewithRFexposurelimitationsfortheKHDD 1000S/HFradaraslistedinFCCOETbulletin56,Table1Aand1B,Q&AregardingBiological EffectsandPotentialHazardsofRadiofrequencyElectromagneticFieldsandFCCOETbulletin 65,EvaluatingCompliancewithFCCGuidelinesforHumanExposuretoRadiofrequency ElectromagneticFields.  PeakPower=1MW(10E+9mW) PulseWidth=4.5us PulseRepetitionFrequency=333Hz AveragePower(P)=1498W(1492000mW) Wavelength()=8.52cm(HighFrequencySBandWavelength) ReflectorDiameter(D)=6m(6000mm) ReflectorApertureArea(A)=10.63m 2 (1063cm 2 ) ReflectorIsotropicGain=44.7dBi  Giventhattheaboveparametersarefixed,thepowerdensityisafunctionofrange, distanceandheightwithregardtotheonaxisradiationofthemainbeam.Thepowerdensityis greatestalongthemainbeamaxis,soallcalculationswillbemadeforthiscondition.  Thepowerdensitycanbecalculatedasfollows.  S=PG/(4R²)  WhereSispowerdensity,Pispower,GisantennagainandRisdistancefrom theradarantenna.  Utilizingthisequation,wecansolveforthedistanceatwhichthepowerdensity isbelowtheFCCcontrolledexposurelimitof5mW/cm 2 .Thisdistanceis195m(641ft)forthe reflectordiameterlisted.Wecanalsosolveforthedistanceatwhichthepowerdensityis belowtheFCCuncontrolledexposurelimitof1mW/cm 2 .Thisdistanceis437m(1434ft).  Page 35 of 52 Ifthepointofinterestisbeyond1434ft,thenthepowerdensityissuchthatitis belowtheuncontrolledexposurelimitof1mW/cm 2 .Thisisevenifthepointofinterest remainsonaxisatalltimesbecausetheantennaisnotrotating. Ifthepointofinterestisatleastoneantennadiameter(6m)offaxiswithinthenear fieldortransitionregion,thepowerdensityisatleastafactorof100lessthanthevalues calculatedabove.Thetowerheightshouldbesuchthatthemainbeamis10maboveground levelat200mdistancewhenthemainbeamispointing1degreebelowthehorizon.Therefore, thetowershouldbeataminimum:  10m+3.5m+6m=19m(62.3ft)  Atthisheight,allpointsalongtheground(nearfieldincluded)willhaveapower densitybelowtheFCCcontrolledlimitof5mW/cm 2 .  Oneitemnotconsideredisthatexposurelimitsmaybeaveraged(6minutesfor controlledaccessand30foruncontrolledaccess.)Thefactthattheantennaisrotatingandafix pointofinterestisonaxisforonlyabriefperiodoftime(factorof.0027),greatlyreducesthe averagepowerdensity.SafetyinterlocksarebuiltintotheKHDD1000S/HFradarsetthat disabletheradiationshouldtheantennapositionerstopresponding,theantennaremainsina fixedlocationforapredeterminedduration,orshouldthesystembecommandedtopoint radiatewhetherlocallyorremotely.Certainradiationsafetyinterlocksmaynotbebypassed andarehardwiredintotheradar.Thesethreesafetycheckspreventtheradarsetfrombeing commandedtoradiatebelowasafeelevationatunsafeazimuthangles.Itisbecauseofthese buildinsafetyinterlocksthatpointradiationisnotamajorconcernwiththisradarset.  Inconclusion,aradarsystemwiththeabovecharacteristicscanbewithin compliancewithFCCexposurelimitguidelinesbymountingtheantenna60ftorhigherabove anyareaswithin1434ftoftheantenna.Iftherearenopotentialradiatedpointswithin1434ft, theminimummountingheightwouldbe42ftinordertoachievetheminimumsafedistance fromtheradiationsourceatgroundlevelwiththeantennaat0degreeselevation.       

Page 12 of 52 5.1 RF Test Data 5.1.1 RF Generation Circuitry 5.1.1.1 Frequency Stability of Stable Local Oscillator Thistestwasperformedtogeneratethedatatodemonstratethefrequencystabilityofthe digitalfrequencyinputtotheKlystrontransmitteroverarangeof20to+50degreesCelsius. Itshouldbenotedatthistimethatthefrequencygenerationcircuitsarephaselockedtoa highlystable10MHzcrystaloscillatoremployedintheupconversionprocess.Forthistest,the frequencygenerationcircuitryand10MHzreferenceoscillatorwereplacedinan environmentaltestchamberandsubjectedtotemperaturevariationsrangingfrom20to+50 degreesCelsius.TheenvironmentaltestchamberutilizedisaBemcoFserieshighlow temperaturechamberwithaWatlowF4S/Dtemperaturecontroller.Thefollowingprocedure wasutilizedinordertoperformthestabilitytesting. Step1:Theunitundertest,furtherreferredtoasUUT,wasplacedintheenvironmental chamberandathermocouplewasinstalledonthebaseplateoftheUUT.Thethermocouple forthetemperaturechamberusedwasalsoreferenced.TheRFsignalcable,digitalcontrol cable, operating voltages and thermocouple cable were routed out of the temperature chamberaccesshole. Step2:Theenvironmentalchamberwasprogrammedtoreach0degreesCelsiusbeforeany testingwasstarted.ThisallowedtheUUTto“coldsoak”. Step3:TheUUTwasenergizedandthetemperaturechamberwasplacedat20degrees Celsius.ThetimeittookforthedeenergizedUUTandthetemperaturechambertoreach 20degreeswasrecorded. Step 4: Once the UUT and temperature chamber temperature stabilized, frequency measurementsweretakenin1minuteintervalsusingaRohde&SchwarzFSPspectrum analyzer. Step5:Once5measurementsweretakenandfrequencymeasurementswereacceptable, the chamber temperature was increased to the next increment until the thermocouple temperatureattachedtotheUUTstabilizedatthetestingtemperature. Step6:Step4and5wererepeateduntilcompletionofthetestingat+50degreesCelsius.    Theblockdiagraminfigure5(pg.13)depictsthetestsetupforthefrequencystabilityversus temperaturetesting.   Page 13 of 52  Figure5:Testsetupfor“FrequencyStabilityVersusTemperature”test     Page 14 of 52 MVSR3331DIGITALSTALOFREQUENCYVSTEMPERATURESTABILITY TIME(minutes)TEMPERATURE(degC)FREQUENCY(MHz) CHAMBERSTARTINGTEMPERATURE,0C  TIMETOSTABALIZETEMPERATUREFROM0TO20,APPROX22MINS 120C3550.0006MHz 220C3550.0006MHz 320C3550.0006MHz 420C3550.0006MHz 520C3550.0006MHz TIMETOSTABALIZETEMPERATUREFROM20TO10,APPROX2MINS 110C3550.0006MHz 210C3550.0006MHz 310C3550.0006MHz 410C3550.0006MHz 510C3550.0006MHz TIMETOSTABALIZETEMPERATUREFROM10TO0,APPROX1.5MINS 100C3550.0006MHz 200C3550.0006MHz 300C3550.0006MHz 400C3550.0006MHz 500C3550.0006MHz TIMETOSTABALIZETEMPERATUREFROM0TO10,APPROX1.25MINS 110C3550.0006MHz 210C3550.0006MHz 310C3550.0006MHz 410C3550.0006MHz 510C3550.0006MHz TIMETOSTABALIZETEMPERATUREFROM10TO20,APPROX1MINS 120C3550.0006MHz 220C3550.0006MHz 320C3550.0006MHz 420C3550.0006MHz 520C3550.0006MHz TIMETOSTABALIZETEMPERATUREFROM20TO30,APPROX1.25MINS 130C3550.0006MHz 230C3550.0006MHz 330C3550.0006MHz 430C3550.0006MHz 5   30C   3550.0006MHz   Page 15 of 52 MVSR3331DIGITALSTALOFREQUENCYVSTEMPERATURESTABILITYTESTING TIME(minutes)TIME(minutes)TIME(minutes) TIMETOSTABALIZETEMPERATUREFROM30TO40,APPROX1.5MINS 140C3550.0006MHz 240C3550.0006MHz 340C3550.0006MHz 440C3550.0006MHz 540C3550.0006MHz TIMETOSTABALIZETEMPERATUREFROM40TO50,APPROX1.5MINS 150C3550.0006MHz 250C3550.0006MHz 350C3550.0006MHz 450C3550.0006MHz 550C3550.0006MHz TOTALTESTTIME(Inminutes)67 TOTALTEMPERATURERANGE(IndegreesCelsius)20Cto+50C OVERALLFREQUENCYVARIATION(InMHz)0MHz             

Page 16 of 52 5.1.2 Transmitter Spectrum Analysis 5.1.2.1 Transmitted RF Output ThefollowingtestswereperformedtorecordthetransmittedRFspectrumfromtheKHDD 1000S/HFradarsystem.ARhode&SchwarzFSPspectrumanalyzerwasusedtorecordthe frequencyplots.Theplotnumber,testdescriptionandcommentsforeachmeasurementare outlinedinthetablebelowaswellasthemaximumresultforthetestifapplicable. KHDD1000S/HFRFEMISSIONMEASUREMENTS PlotFigureNumberTestDescriptionComments 5.1.2.11EmittedSpectrum,800nS 30dBdown,7.2MHzBW 5.1.2.12EmittedSpectrum,800nS SideLobes 5.1.2.13EmittedSpectrum,3000nS 3dBBW,1.1MHz 5.1.2.14EmittedSpectrum,3000nS SideLobes 5.1.2.15EmittedSpectrum,3000nS 30dBdown,4.92MHzBW 5.1.2.16EmittedSpectrum,3000nS 50dBdown,51.84MHz 5.1.2.21SpuriousRF,800nS20MHzto5GHz,66.99@4.27GHz 5.1.2.22SpuriousRF,800nS5GHzto10GHz,58.56@7.44GHz 5.1.2.23SpuriousRF,800nS10GHzto15GHz,62.83@14.44GHz 5.1.2.24SpuriousRF,800nS15GHzto20GHz,62.29@16.81GHz 5.1.2.31TXRFLeakage,800nS20MHzto5GHz,42.93@3.520GHz 5.1.2.32TXRFLeakage,800nS5GHzto10GHz,67.97@5.85GHz 5.1.2.33TXRFLeakage,800nS10GHzto15GHz,62.18@14.95GHz 5.1.2.34TXRFLeakage,800nS15GHzto20GHz,61.95@18.11GHz Page 17 of 52  Figure5.1.2.11:800nSpulse,EmittedSpectrum,30dBdown–7.2MHzBW  Page 18 of 52  Figure5.1.2.12:800nSpulse,EmittedSpectrum,SideLobeMeasurement        Page 19 of 52  Figure5.1.2.13:800nSPulse,3dBBW–1.1MHz    Page 20 of 52  Figure5.1.2.14:3000nSPulse,EmittedSpectrum,SideLobeMeasurement           Page 21 of 52  Figure5.1.2.15:3000nSPulse,EmittedSpectrum,30dBdown–4.92MHzBW   Page 22 of 52  Figure5.1.2.16:3000nSPulse,EmittedSpectrum,50dBdown–51.84MHzBW           Page 23 of 52 5.1.2.2 Spurious RF Output   Figure5.1.2.21:800nSPulse,SpuriousRFOutput,20MHzto5GHz    Page 24 of 52  Figure5.1.2.22:800nSPulse,SpuriousRFOutput,5GHzto10GHz   Page 25 of 52  Figure5.1.2.23:800nSPulse,SpuriousRFOutput,10GHzto15GHz   Page 26 of 52  Figure5.1.2.24:800nSPulse,SpuriousRFOutput,15GHzto20GHz           Page 27 of 52 5.1.2.3 Transmitter RF Leakage   Figure5.1.2.31:800nSPulse,TXRFLeakage,20MHzto5GHz         Page 28 of 52  Figure5.1.2.32:800nSPulse,TXRFLeakage,5GHzto10GHz        Page 29 of 52  Figure5.1.2.33:800nSPulse,TXRFLeakage,10GHzto15GHz     Page 30 of 52  Figure5.1.2.34:800nSPulse,TXRFLeakage,15GHzto20GHz           

Page 31 of 52 5.1.3 Emission Designation for KHDD-1000S/HF Theworstcaseoccupiedspectrumoccurswiththe0.8Spulsewidthasdepictedinfigure 5.1.2.11.The30dBmpointor99.99%poweroutputiscontainedwithin7.2MHzoftransmitted bandwidthfortheKHDD1000S/HF. IAWFR2.1049,OccupiedbandwidthforKHDD1000S/HFisshownbelowalongwiththe respectiveemissiondesignator.    EMISSIONDESIGNATOR: 7M20P0N