OUS6U4AD5000-Watt UHF Digital Transmitter

INSTRUCTION MANUAL Axciter Digital Modulator/Upconverter System AXCERA, LLC 103 FREEDOM DRIVE P.O. BOX 525 LAWRENCE, PA 15055-0525 USA (724) 873-8100 • FAX (724) 873-8105 www.axcera.com • [email protected] Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Table of Contents Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 i March 22, 2007 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................1 MANUAL OVERVIEW..........................................................................................................................................1 AXCITER OVERVIEW..........................................................................................................................................1 SAFETY...............................................................................................................................................................2 Read All Instructions.....................................................................................................................................2 Retain Manuals..............................................................................................................................................2 Heed Notes, Warnings, and Cautions............................................................................................................2 Follow Instructions........................................................................................................................................2 Cleaning........................................................................................................................................................2 Ventilation.....................................................................................................................................................2 Replacement Parts.........................................................................................................................................3 RETURN MATERIAL PROCEDURE........................................................................................................................3 WARRANTY FOR BROADCAST PRODUCTS...........................................................................................................4 Limited One-year Warranty...........................................................................................................................4 CHAPTER 2: INSTALLATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS......................................................5 INSTALLATION....................................................................................................................................................5 SETUP AND OPERATION PROCEDURES..............................................................................................................10 MODULATOR OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW..........................................................................................................10 USER INTERFACE..............................................................................................................................................11 Navigating the User Interface.....................................................................................................................11 User Interface Conventions.........................................................................................................................13 SCREEN DISPLAYS AND DETAILS......................................................................................................................15 Axciter Main Screen....................................................................................................................................15 Control and Status Screen...........................................................................................................................16 Signals Status Screen...................................................................................................................................17 Channel Offset Example..............................................................................................................................18 AXACT Equalizers.......................................................................................................................................19 Clock and Power Status Screen...................................................................................................................21 LED Status Screen.......................................................................................................................................22 History.........................................................................................................................................................24 DTVISION LINEAR - OPTIONAL.......................................................................................................................25 DTVision Linear Home/ Spectrum Screen...................................................................................................26 DTVision Constellation Screen....................................................................................................................27 DTVision Eye Screen...................................................................................................................................28 Linear Equalizer Graph...............................................................................................................................29 Linear Quad Display Screen.......................................................................................................................30 DTVISION NON-LINEAR - OPTIONAL...............................................................................................................31 DTVision Non-Linear Home/Spectrum Screen.........................................................................................…

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Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Chapter 2, Installation and Operating Instructions Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 28 DTVision Eye Screen I-Signal Eye Display Graphic display of the eight data amplitude levels. This can be used to monitor the demodulated 8VSB signal. When signal is precise, the seven vertical "eyes" will appear (this display shows two sets). Linear or non-linear distortion in the modulator process will cause incorrect I-signal amplitude at center of "eye" pattern. Transmitter distortion such as group delay, frequency tilt, or ripple will cause the "eye" to close and result in receiver data errors. . Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Chapter 2, Installation and Operating Instructions Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 29 Linear Equalizer Graph Linear Equalizer Display: This display shows the characteristics of the linear adaptive equalizer. The horizontal axis is frequency (0 to 5.38 MHz). There are two traces on this display. One shows the amplitude of the equalizer's response in decibels, and the other shows the group delay of the equalizer in nanoseconds. The vertical scale for the amplitude display is along the left side of the display. The range is always –3 to +3 decibels. The group delay scale automatically scales itself to the equalizer data, and the minimum and maximum values appear along the right side of the scale. Since this display shows the equalizer characteristics, the channel (transmitter) characteristics, which are being corrected, will be the inverse of the equalizer. For example, if the equalizer shows a rising amplitude response with increasing frequency, then the transmitter has a falling amplitude response with increasing frequency. The same inverse relationship also holds with respect to group delay. In normal operation, the amplitude response will be generally flat, and the group delay curve will drop off at the frequency extremes (near 0 and 5.38 MHz) because of the channel filter's group delay. Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Chapter 2, Installation and Operating Instructions Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 30 Linear Quad Display Screen Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Chapter 2, Installation and Operating Instructions Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 31 DTVision Non-Linear - Optional This section contains information regarding the DTVision Screens. These screens are optional diagnostic screens. They are not necessary for the operation of the Axciter. However, they greatly enhance the experience. These graphs provide the same type of views as an EFA. All of the Nonlinear screens have the following reference values displayed EVM The error vector magnitude (EVM) value indicates quality of the digital modulation. EVM is defined as the RMS error at the sampling instants divided by the RMS of the ideal symbols. The error is expressed as a percentage. As signal quality increases, this value decreases. S/N The transmitted signal quality is also expressed as an in-band signal to noise ratio, expressed in dB. As signal quality increases, this value will increase (logarithmically). DAC Headroom ever negative, then there is clipping in the IF modulator, nonlinear equalizer, and/or the DAC. If this happens, lower the unity gain reference point for the nonlinear equalizer. EVM The error vector magnitude (EVM) value indicates quality of the digital modulation. EVM is defined as the RMS error at the sampling instants divided by the RMS of the ideal symbols. The error is expressed as a percentage. As signal quality increases, this value decreases. S/N The transmitted signal quality is also expressed as an in-band signal to noise ratio, expressed in dB. As signal quality increases, this value will increase (logarithmically). Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) Headroom This parameter shows the amplitude (in dB) of the equalized IF signal with respect to the maximum output from the digital to analog converter (DAC). A positive value indicates normal operation and no clipping. If this value is ever negative, then there is clipping occurring in the IF modulator, nonlinear equalizer, and/or the DAC. If this happens, lower the unity gain reference point for the nonlinear equalizer. Peak to Average Ratio This value shows the peak to average ratio of the transmitted signal. This value is typically 6 to 8 dB for a perfect signal. A value significantly lower will indicate peak compression. A small amount of peak compression is normal. Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Chapter 2, Installation and Operating Instructions Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 32 This parameter shows the amplitude (in dB) of the equalized IF signal with respect to the maximum output from the digital to analog converter (DAC). A positive value indicates normal operation and no clipping. DTVision Non-Linear Home/Spectrum Screen Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Chapter 2, Installation and Operating Instructions Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 33 DTVision Peak to Average Screen Peak to Average Ratio Display: This screen shows the peak to average ratio in a statistical fashion. The red trace shows the ideal signal's peak to average ratio statistics, and the yellow trace shows the statistics of the transmitter's output. The curves show the cumulative distribution function of the peak to average ratio's probability density. The horizontal scale shows the peak to average ratio measured in decibels. The vertical scale shows the percentage of the time that the peak to average ratio exceeds the value on the horizontal scale. The vertical scale is logarithmic. When the transmitter is clipping signal peaks, the low probability, high peak to average portion of the (yellow) curve for the transmitter's output will appear to the right of the (red) curve indicating the ideal signal. Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Chapter 2, Installation and Operating Instructions Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 34 Nonlinear Phase Amplitude Display Digital ATSC Exciter-Modulator System Chapter 2, Installation and Operating Instructions Axcera Axciter, Rev. 0 35 Non…

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Instruction Manual 6X Series, LiquidCooled Transmitter Axcera, LLC 103 Freedom Drive, P.O. Box 525 Lawrence, PA 15055-0525 USA PHONE: 17248738100 • FAX 17248738105 www.axcera.com • [email protected] RESTRICTIONS ON USE, DUPLICATION OR DISCLOSURE OF PROPRIETARY INFORMATION This document contains information proprietary to Axcera, to its affiliates or to a third party to which Axcera may have a legal obligation to protect such information from unauthorized disclosure, use or duplication. Any disclosure, use or duplication of this document or any of the information herein for other than the specific purpose for which it was disclosed by Axcera is expressly prohibited, except as Axcera may otherwise agree in writing. Recipient by accepting this document agrees to the above stated conditional use of this document and this information disclosed herein. Copyright © 2009, Axcera 6X Series Liquid-Cooled Transmitter Table of Contents Instruction Manual, Rev. 0 i October 14, 2009 Table of Contents 6X Series Liquid-Cooled Transmitter Chapter 1, Introduction Instruction Manual, Rev. 0 1-1 CHAPTER 1 ........................................................................................................ 3 1.1 Manual Overview ..........................................................................................3 1.2 Assembly Designators ...................................................................................3 1.3 Safety .........................................................................................................3 1.4 Contact Information ......................................................................................4 1.5 Material Return Procedure..............................................................................5 1.6 Limited One-Year Warranty for Axcera Products................................................5 CHAPTER 2 ........................................................................................................ 1 2.1: Digital Modulator .........................................................................................1 2.2: Exciter, Upconverter, Driver Tray...................................................................3 2.3: Power Amplifiers..........................................................................................4 2.4: Combiners..................................................................................................4 2.5: Liquid Cooling System..................................................................................4 2.6: Protection Circuits........................................................................................5 2.7: GUI and Problem Identification System ..........................................................5 2.8: Local Control & Monitoring............................................................................6 2.9: Remote Control & Monitoring ........................................................................6 CHAPTER 3 ........................................................................................................ 1 3.1: Unpacking and Installation of the Cabinets......................................................2 3.2: Unpacking and Installation of the RF System and Cooling System......................2 3.2.1: Ethylene Glycol/Distilled Water Cooling System..........................................4 3.2.1.1: Initial Filling the Water Cooled System................................................4 3.3: Main AC Connections....................................................................................5 3.4: Main AC Power Up and Verification.................................................................5 3.5: Initial Turn-On Procedures............................................................................6 3.6: Setup and Operation Procedures....................................................................6 3.6.1: Axciter Set Up Overview..........................................................................6 3.6.2: Transmitter Set Up Procedures.................................................................7 3.6.2.1: Initial Test Set Up.............................................................................7 3.6.2.2: Setting Up the Output Power of the Transmitter ...................................7 3.6.2.3: Setting up of AGC 1..........................................................................7 3.6.2.4: Setting up of AGC 2..........................................................................8 3.6.2.5: Setting up of Overdrive Threshold ......................................................8 3.6.2.6: Axciter Pre and Post Filter Sample Values............................................8 3.6.2.7: Exciter Driver Adjustment..................................................................8 3.7: Problem Identification ..................................................................................9 3.7.1: Pump Rack Cabinet Assembly...................................................................9 3.8: 6X PLC pump rack control software..............................................................10 3.8.1: Functions.............................................................................................10 CHAPTER 4 ........................................................................................................ 1 4.1 Exciter, Upconverter, Driver Tray Boards .........................................................1 4.1.1 Frequency Agile Upconverter Board (1309695)............................................1 4.1.2 Downconverter Board (1311103) ...............................................................1 4.1.3 Button Board (1311306)...........................................................................2 4.1.4 PreDriver Amplifier Board, Exciter, 6X (1313190) .......................................2 4.2 Power Controller/AC Distribution Assembly, Boards...........................................3 4.2.1 Button Board (13…

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Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-1 2. EXTERNAL PHOTOS 2.1 Front view, Axcera-6U4AD Transmitter Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-2 2.2 Rear view, Axcera-6U4AD Transmitter Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-3 2.3 Front View, External Axciter Digital Modulator 2.4 Rear View, External Axciter Digital Modulator Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-4 2.5 Top View, External Axciter Digital Modulator Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-5 2.6 Front view, Axcera-6U4AD Exciter/Driver 2.7 Rear view, Axcera-6U4AD Exciter/Driver 2.8 Front view, Axcera-6U4AD Controller 2.9 Rear view, Axcera-6U4AD Controller Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-6 3.0 Front view, Axcera-6U4AD Power Amplifier Tray (x4) 3.1 Rear view, Axcera-6U4AD Power Amplifier Tray (x4) Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-7 3.2 Front view, Axcera-6U4AD Power Controller Tray 3.3 Rear view, Axcera-6U4AD Power Controller Tray Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-8 3.4 Front view, Axcera-6U4AD Power Supply Tray (x2) 3.5 Rear view, Axcera-6U4AD Power Supply Tray (x2) 3.6 Rear View, Rack Controller Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report External Photos December 2009 2-9 3.7 Side View, Bandpass Filter

Axcera-6U4AD FCC Type Acceptance Report ID Label/Location Info December 2009 1-1 1. ID LABEL/LOCATION INFO 1.1 Rear Panel FCC Label 1.2 Rear Panel Manufacturer’s Label Axcera-6U4AD FCC Type Acceptance Report ID Label/Location Info December 2009 1-2 1.3 Rear view, Axcera-6U4AD Transmitter with FCC Label and Manufacturer’s Label

Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Internal Photos December 2009 6-1 6. INTERNAL PHOTOS 6.1 Top view, 6U4AD (Axciter Digital Modulator) Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Internal Photos December 2009 6-2 6.2 Top view, 6U4AD (Exciter/Driver) Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Internal Photos December 2009 6-3 6.3 Top view, 6U4AD Controller Tray Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Internal Photos December 2009 6-4 6.4 Top view, 6U4AD Power Amplifier Tray (x4) 6.5 Bottom view, 6U4AD Power Amplifier Tray (x4) Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Internal Photos December 2009 6-5 6.6 Top view, 6U4AD Power Controller Tray Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Internal Photos December 2009 6-6 6.7 Top View, 6U4AD Power Supply Tray Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Internal Photos December 2009 6-7 6.8 Rear View, 6U4AD Rack Controller

Axcera-6U4AD Equipment Authorization Report Operational Description December 2009 8-1 8. OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION - MODEL Axcera-6U4AD 8.1 General Description The 6U4AD is a complete 5000watt UHF solidstate, digital television transmitter. It operates at a nominal output power of 5000 watts average. 8.2 Technical Specifications Type of Emission ...................................................................... 6M00K1D Frequency Range ..................................................... 722 MHz to 728 MHz Output Power............................................................ 5000 watts average 8.3 Performance Specifications Operating Frequency Range ...................................... 722 MHz to 728 MHz RF output  Nominal: Power ............................................................ 5000 watts average Impedance..................................................................... 50 ohms Connector ....................................................................15/8” EIA Regulation of Output .........................................................................3% SignaltoNoise Ratio (SNR) ........................................... 30 dB or better Carrier Frequency Stability ........................................................±1000 Hz Data Interface: Input Rate.....................................................19.39 Mbps, 6 MHz Channel Input Interface............................................... SMPTE 310M (ASI optional) Electrical Requirements Power Line Voltage .................................358528 volts, 3 Phase, 50/60 Hz Power Consumption............................................................. 25,000 watts Environmental Maximum Altitude ................................................................... 8,500 feet Operational Temperature Range ........................................... 0°C to +50°C Axcera-6U4AD Equipment Authorization Report Operational Description December 2009 8-2 Mechanical Dimensions: Width ............................................................................... 24.00” Height .............................................................................. 79.00” Depth ............................................................................... 50.00” Weight.......................................................................... 940 lbs 8.4. System Overview The 6U4AD is made up of the trays/assemblies listed in Table 81. Table 8-1. 6U4AD Major Trays and Assemblies MAJOR ASSEMBLY DESIGNATOR TRAY/ASSEMBLY NAME A1 Axciter Digital Modulator A2 Exciter/Driver Tray A3 Power Amplifier Tray A4 Power Amplifier Tray A5 Power Amplifier Tray A6 Power Amplifier Tray A7 Power Supply A8 Power Supply 8.4.1 Axciter Digital Modulator The Axciter 8VSB modulator accepts an ASTC transport stream in SMPTE 310 Format input and outputs an 8VSB IF signal centered at 44 MHz. The 44 MHz IF signal is upconverted to the desired channel by the upconverter located in the upconverter tray or, in a sledbased system, as an upconverter sled mounted in the driver/amplifier chassis assembly. The signal generation function of the Axciter is also referred to as the “forward signal path” in this manual. There is also a “reverse signal path” that is used for automatic adaptive equalization. Two transmitter output samples are taken from directional couplers located before and after the channel mask filter and are applied to the upconverter tray or the external Relay. The upconverter tray also contains a downconverter that converts the RF sample to an IF output. In a sledbased system, the downconverter sled is mounted in the driver/amplifier chassis assembly. The downconverted IF transmitter sample is digitized by the Axciter modulator. It is then demodulated in nonreal time software. The result is analyzed to calculate linear and nonlinear adaptive equalizers to improve the transmitted signal quality by compensating for the nonlinear compression of the power amplifier, and the linear distortions (mostly group delay effects) of the channel filter. When a linear adaptive equalizer is being calculated, the transmitter sample is taken after the channel mask filter so that its linear distortions can be “seen.” When a nonlinear adaptive equalizer is being calculated, the transmitter sample is taken before the channel mask filter, so that the distortion sidebands being generated Axcera-6U4AD Equipment Authorization Report Operational Description December 2009 8-3 by the power amplifier can be seen (the channel filter would remove the outofband sidebands). The Axciter modulator contains a standard Personal Computer. The PC performs user interface functions and the numerical processing necessary for the adaptive linear and nonlinear equalization. The PC is not in the forward signal path; if it fails the exciter will continue to generate a signal with the most recently calculated equalization. 8.4.2 Exciter/Driver Tray The Transmitter Driver provides an On Channel output signal at 1800 Watts. 8.4.2.1 Frequency Agile Upconverter Board (1309695) The board takes a 44 MHz or 36 MHz IF signal and converts it to a TV channel in the range of 54860 MHz. The IF input signal, (≈8dBm level), is connected to J6 on the board. The IF first passes through a frequency response precorrector, consisting of R145, C188, R 146 and C189. The precorrector circuit compensates for any response variation in the ceramic filter used to pick the appropriate conversion sideband. The precorrected signal is then converted to a second IF centered at 1044 MHz using U16, U18 and associated components. The signal is next applied to a second mixer, U15, where it is converted to the final RF channel frequency. The signal is then sent to a low pass filter that removes unwanted conversion products above 1 GHz, amplified by U21 passed to another low pass filter that removes unwanted conversion products above 1 GHz, amplified by U20 and connected to J7 the RF output jack for the board (≈3dBm…

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Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Parts List/Tune-up Info December 2009 7-1 7. PARTS LIST/TUNE-UP INFO 7.1 Parts List The transmitter, can be subdivided as follows: External Axciter Modulator Tray Driver Tray: Exciter Controller Board Downconverter Board Upconverter Board Pre-Driver Board Power Supply Power Amplifier Tray: (x4) Phase/Gain Board Interface Board Driver Pallet Board Top Splitter Board Bottom Splitter Board RF Pallets (x8) Top Combiner Board Bottom Combiner Board Power Combiner Power Detector Fan Power Supply Board 7.2 Tune-Up Information 7.2.1: Initial Test Set Up This Exciter Digital transmitter was aligned at the factory and should not require additional adjustments to achieve normal operation. This section describes the set up of the Axciter Modulator system. The Axciter Modulator takes the SMPTE 310 or optional ASI digital stream input and converts it to a 44MHz intermediate frequency (IF). This IF then feeds the upconverter which converts the signal to the desired On Channel RF Output. The signal then drives the power amplifier section of the transmitter, which produces the system’s output power level. Check that the RF output at the DTV Mask Filter is terminated into a dummy load of at least the rated output of the system or connected to the antenna for your system. While performing the alignment, refer to the Test Data Sheet for the transmitter and compare the final readings from the factory with the readings on each of the modules. The readings should be very similar. If a reading is substantially different from the factory reading, it is likely that there is a problem in that module that should be rectified before proceeding with the transmitter setup. Switch On the main AC for the system and the individual circuit breakers on the cabinets and assemblies. Check that AC is present to all systems. This transmitter operates using a SMPTE 310M or optional ASI input that connects to J27 located on the rear panel of the Axciter Modulator Tray. Check that the input is present. If Axcera-6U4AD FCC Equipment Authorization Report Parts List/Tune-up Info December 2009 7-2 an (Optional) external 10 MHz reference input from a GPS is used, check that it is connected to J9 on the Axciter Modulator. The check of and the setup of the drive levels are completed using the front panel adjustments located on the Axciter Modulator Tray. The level of the RF output which includes adjustment of the drive level of the Intermediate Power Amplifier and the adjustment of the linearity and phase pre-distortion to compensate for any nonlinear response of the Power Amplifiers are controlled within the Axciter Modulator Tray. 7.2.2: Setting Up the Output Power of the Transmitter The following adjustments are completed using the LCD screen located on the front panel of the Axciter Modulator Tray. On the Axciter Main Screen, push the button next to the Upconverter tab on the right side of the screen. This will open the Upconverter Main Screen. Set the AGC to Manual by selecting 3 on the keyboard entry. The screen will now indicate AGC Manual. Set the transmitter to full power using the front panel screen of the Axciter. 7.2.3: Setting up of AGC 1 To set up th…

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