CKENJJ-105Ground Penetrating Rader

ＮＪＪ－１０５ Handy Search Users Guide i Preface Thank you very much for purchasing this JRC NJJ-105 Handy Search (hereafter called this product). The NJJ-105 Handy Search nondestructively locates, detects, and displays the depths and positions of reinforcing steel bars in reinforced concrete structures. ●Before starting to use the NJJ-105 Handy Search, read through this instruction manual carefully to learn correct operations and ensure correct and trouble-free operations. ●Keep the instruction manual handy for reference. Refer to the manual when facing unknown things or when experiencing troubles during operation. DC50-NJJ-105 First edition January 2011 ii Before Operation Pictorial Indication Various icons are indicated in this manual and are labeled on this product to ensure your safe and correct operations and to prevent any danger to you and/or other persons and any damage to your property during operation. Such indications and their meanings are as follows. Please understand them before reading this manual. Examples of Pictorial Indication ●JRC assumes no liability for any damage (such as damage caused to reinforcing steel bars, electrical pipes, gas pipes, etc.) arising from scan results using this product. ●JRC assumes no liability for any damage arising from the disappearance of scan results stored in CF memory. * Windows is a registered trademark or a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in United State and other countries. *CompactFlash (CF) is a registered trademark or SanDisk Corporation. WARNING This indication is shown where any person is supposed to be in danger of being killed or seriously injured if this indication is neglected and this product is not operated correctly. CAUTION This indication is shown where any person is supposed to be injured or any property is supposed to be damaged if this indication is neglected and this product is not operated correctly. Electric shock A △ mark indicates CAUTION (including DANGER and WARNING). Detailed content of the specific CAUTION (“Electric Shock” in the example on the left.) is shown in the mark. Disassembling Prohibited Prohibition A mark indicates prohibition. Detailed content of the prohibited action (“Disassembling Prohibited” in the example on the left.) is shown in the mark. Disconnect the power plug Instruction A ●mark indicates instruction. Detailed content of the instruction (“Disconnect the power plug” in the example on the left.) is shown in the mark. iii Precautions for Use WARNING Do not use any battery pack other than the recommended battery packs. Doing so may cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. Do not short-circuit the terminals of the battery charger or battery pack. Doing so may cause fire, explosion, or breakdown. Do not insert metallic or flammable objects into the CF memory slot. Doing so may cause injury, fire, electric shock, or breakdown. Do not disassemble, modify, heat, or place battery pack in fire. Doing so may cause fire, explosion, or breakdown. Do not use any charger other than the recommended battery charger to charge the battery pack. Doing so may cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. Do not disassemble, modify, or repair this product by yourself. Doing so may cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. If the power cord is damaged (exposure of the core wire, open circuit failure, or break in the sheath), contact our nearest branch office (See Section 9), sales outlet, or service station for a replacement power cord. Use of a damaged power cord may cause fire or electric shock. Do not connect/disconnect the power plug by wet hands. Doing so could cause an electric shock. Do not use (place) this product in a location where it is exposed to flammable or corrosive gas. Doing so could cause fire, personal injury, or breakdown. This product has a waterproof construction but must not be dipped in water. Do not expose this product to water or moisture, and do not use it in rainy weather. Doing so could cause an electric shock or breakdown. Stop using this product immediately when a sign of malfunctioning is detected, and follow only the detailed procedure in this instruction manual. If it cannot be restored to normal operation, contact our nearest branch office (See Section 9), sales outlet, or service station. Use of this product in an abnormal state could cause fire or breakdown. Should this product emit an abnormal sound, odor, or smoke, immediately turn off the power switch, remove the battery pack, disconnect the power plug from the socket outlet, and contact our nearest branch office (See Section 9), sales outlet, or service station. Use of this product in an abnormal state could cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. Before disposing of the used lithium ion battery, insulate the charging terminals by taping or the like. Otherwise, the battery could cause fire or explosion if short-circuited. iv CAUTION Judge the scan result with considering the depth sensing capability of this product. Since the depth sensing capability of this product is subject to the conditions of the object of investigation, judging the scan result with no consideration of the depth sensing capability may cause the cutting of rebar. Put your hand through the hand strap and hold this product. Dropping of this product may cause an accident such as a device breakdown or personal injury. When disconnecting the power cord, hold the plug. Pulling the power cord by itself may cause cord damage, fire, or electric shock. Do not place this product on an unstable place such as a wobbly table or sloping surface. Doing so may cause a personal injury or breakdown when it drops or falls. Do not use (place) this product in a humid or dusty location, or a location where water, oil, or chemical may splash onto this product. Doing so may cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. Do not use (place) this product in a location where it is subject to vibration or shock. Doing so may cause a personal injury or breakdown. When loading/unloadi…

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- 27 - 3 Operating Method The numbers that are shown with a square outline in this chapter correspond to the numbers in Tables 2-1 and 2-2 on pages 8-11. Furthermore, keys are displayed on this product using bold Gothic characters. WARNING Do not use any battery pack other than the recommended battery packs. Doing so could cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. Do not short-circuit the terminals of the battery charger or battery pack. Doing so could cause fire, explosion, or breakdown. Do not insert anything metallic or flammable into the CF memory slot. Doing so could cause a personal injury, fire, electric shock, or breakdown. Do not use any charger other than the dedicated battery charger to charge the battery pack. Doing so could cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. Handy Search has a waterproof construction but must not be placed in water. Do not expose this product to water or moisture, and do not use it in rainy weather. Doing so could cause an electric shock or breakdown. CAUTION Making a judgment on the scan results considering the depth scan capability of this product. Since the depth scan capability of this product is subject to the conditions of the object of investigation, judging the scan results with no consideration of the depth scan capability may cause the cutting of rebar. Put your hand through the hand strap and hold this product. Dropping of this product may cause an accident such as a device breakdown or personal injury. Point the antenna surface in the direction of the probed object (concrete) while you are performing a probe. If it is pointed into the air or otherwise unsuitable direction, it can cause malfunction of other equipment or other such accidents. - 28 - CAUTION Do not use this product in the vicinity of a radio or TV set. Doing so may cause noise or poor reception such as disturbance of television pictures. Doing so also adversely affects the depth sensing capability of this product, and may cause the cutting of reinforcing steel bars. Do not use this product near a cell phone or transceiver that transmits electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves from the cell phone or transceiver adversely affect the depth sensing capability of this product, and may cause the cutting of reinforcing steel bars. When this product is used for scanning on the road, take safety precautions such as providing guard fences to prevent traffic accidents. - 29 - 3.1 Scan preparation (1) Mounting the hand strap A hand strap for drop prevention is provided as standard with this product. Mount the hand strap on the handle of this product as shown in Figure 3-1, put your hand through the hand strap to grip the handle, and start to scan. Figure 3-1 Hand Strap (2) Connecting the power source (battery pack) The power source applicable to this product is the battery pack or the AC adapter (option). • Use this product in the ambient temperature of 0 to 50 °C and the humidity of 45 to 80%. • Do not move this product in cold condition to a place where it is subject to sharp temperature rise. Doing so generates condensation inside this product that could cause a breakdown. • Confirm that the power switch 16 is set to OFF before mounting and dismounting the battery pack or the AC adapter. Notes - 30 - a) Mounting the battery pack (See Figure 3-2.) 1. Confirm that the 16 power switch is set to OFF . 2. Open the battery cover 2 at the top of this product, confirm the direction of the battery pack and put it into the battery holder. 3. Push the battery pack forward to connect with the terminals, and close the battery cover 2 . b) Dismounting the battery pack (See Figure 3-3.) 1. Confirm that the 16 power switch is set to OFF . 2. Open the battery cover 2 at the top of this product, and slide the battery pack backward. 3. Push down the rear of the battery pack to raise its front, so it can be easily dismounted. Figure 3-2 Mounting the battery pack Figure 3-3 Removing the battery pack • When opening the battery cover, hold onto the handle with your left hand, push up on battery cover lock with your middle finger, open the battery cover slightly and lift the battery cover with your right hand to easily remove the battery cover. c) Mounting the AC adapter 1. Confirm that the 16 power switch is set to OFF . 2. Connect the AC cable to the AC power connector on the AC adapter. 3. Open the AC adapter input connector cover 18 at the rear, and connect the DC jack of the AC adapter. 4. Connect the AC adapter cable to the socket outlet. d) Dismounting the AC adapter 1. Confirm that the power switch 16 is set to OFF , and disconnect the AC adapter cable from the socket outlet. 2. Pull out the AC adapter DC jack from this product and close the connector cover for the 18 AC adapter input. Remarks - 31 - (3) Inserting and removing a CF memory This product can save scan data into a CF memory. To save scan data into the CF meory, insert the CF memory according to the procedure in Figure 3-4 always while this product’s power switch is off. To remove the CF memory, perform the procedure in Figure 3-5 always while this product’s power switch is off. • Insert/remove the CF memory always while the power switch of this product is off. • Make sure of the insertion direction before inserting the CF memory. • Operation of this product has been confirmed with CF TS1GCF80 manufactured by Transcend. This product may not operate with other CF memorys. • Make sure to initialize the CF memory by using this product. If this is performed by using other equipment (NJJ-95 series , PC etc.), the CF may not be recognized. • Do not use a CF memory that was used with a NJJ-95 series . As the data format used by NJJ-95 series and NJJ-105 are different, this may cause an error. • JRC assumes no liability for any damage arising from the disappearance of scan results stored in CF memory. Figure 3-4 Inserting the CF memory 2) If the eject switch is extended, push in the switch. 1) Open the lid over the 8 . Compact Flash insert o…

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- 51 - 3.4.3 Deduction processing This processing is used to remove the strip reflected waves located at the deep area of 20cm and more on the scan result after a scan as shown in Figure 3-16. Perform the following steps to use this processing. (1) Press the 6 PRCS key. The setting field of the PROC at the bottom line of the scan screen is video-inverted. Then the image processing mode starts. (2) Set SUB to the PROC by pressing the cursor keys ▲▼. (3) Move the cursor to the area not showing any detected objects by pressing the cursor keys . (Refer to Figure 3-16 A (1).) (4) Press the 5 ENTER key. Then the deduction processing is performed by using the reflected wave at the cursor position. The marker ↓ is displayed at the cursor position in the distance gauge. (Refer to Figure 3-16 B.) (5) To exit from the image processing mode, press the 6 PRCS key again. The setting field of the PROC changes to normal display. Then the image processing mode finishes. • When SUB (Deduction) is set with the cursor keys ▲▼ after manual surface wave processing (including real-time manual deduction processing) and deduction processing, the image generated through deduction processing using the reflected wave of cursor position (indicated by ↓ ) of the last executed processing is displayed. (Deduction processing can be newly performed by moving the cursor and pressing the 5 ENTER key.) →See Section 3.2.5 Real time manual deduction processing regarding the real time manual deduction processing. • If manual surface wave processing and deduction processing (including real time manual deduction processing) after scanning are not performed, the image does not change when the cursor keys ▲▼ are used to set operation to SUB (deduction). (Deduction processing can be performed by moving the cursor and pressing the 5 ENTER key.) • To perform deduction processing again, repeat steps (3) and (4). • Manual surface wave processing and deduction processing are almost the same but have a different processing range. ・Manual surface wave processing: area where the effect of surfaces waves is high ・Deduction processing: full search depth Deduction processing may eliminate reflected waves such as waves reflected by the rear surface of a concrete wall. → For details, see Section 3.4.1 Fixed surface wave processing. • When the real-time manual deduction processing is selected for the cursor line containing the reflection wave from the targeted object (ex:rebar), this image processing has possibility of producing unwanted noise on the display by the influence of this reflection wave signal from the object. Remarks - 52 - (1) Ａ. Before processing Ｂ. After processing Figure 3-16 Deduction processing - 53 - 3.4.4 Manual surface wave processing Manual surface wave processing is used when the effect of reflection near the concrete surface on the scan result can not be completely removed. (See Figure 3-17 A.) (1) Move the cursor to a location where there is not an object that is being probed A: Before processing B: After processing Figure 3-17 Display before/after Manual Surface Wave Processing - 54 - The operation is performed as described below. (1) Press the 6 PRCS key . The inverted display is shown as the item for the PROC setting at the bottom of the screen and operation switches to image processing. (2) Set MAN (Manual) using the cursor keys ▲▼. (3) Use the cursor keys to move the cursor to a location where there is not a object to be probed in the scan results. (See Figure 3-17 A) (4) Press the 5 ENTER key. Manual surface wave processing will be performed while the reflected wave at the cursor position is used as the surface wave. At this time, the marker ↓ is displayed at the previous cursor position. (See Figure 3-17 B.) (5) To end the image processing mode, press the 6 PRCS key again. The normal display is shown as the item for the PROC setting at the bottom of the screen and image processing mode is exited. • When MAN (Manual) is set with the cursor keys ▲▼ after manual surface wave processing (including real-time manual deduction processing) and deduction processing, image data will be displayed using manual surface wave processing that uses the surface wave at the cursor position (indicated by ↓ ) of the last-executed processing. (Manual surface wave processing can be newly performed by moving the cursor and pressing the 5 ENTER key.) → See Section 3.2.5 Real time manual deduction processing regarding the real time manual deduction processing. • If manual surface wave processing and deduction processing (including real time manual surface wave processing) after scanning are not performed, the image does not change when the cursor keys ▲▼ are used to set operation to MAN (manual). (Manual surface wave processing can be performed by moving the cursor and pressing the 5 ENTER key.) • To perform manual surface wave processing again, repeat steps (3) and (4). • Manual surface wave processing and deduction processing are almost the same but have a different depth processing range. ・Manual surface wave processing: area where the effect of surfaces waves is high ・Deduction processing: full search depth → See Section 3.4.5 Deduction processing regarding the deduction processing. • When the real-time manual deduction processing is selected for the cursor line containing the reflection wave from the targeted object (ex:rebar), this image processing has possibility of producing unwanted noise on the display by the influence of this reflection wave signal from the object. Remarks - 55 - 3.4.5 Average wave processing This image processing calculates the average reflected wave of the entire A-mode data in the scan results, subtracts the calculated average wave from each A-mode data, and displays the processed data. The average processing is effective to remove the constant horizontal strip noise appearing in the scan result. (This processing removes the constant signal existing at the some depth like the reflected wave from the far side…

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- 57 - 3.4.7 Original image This processing restores the image processing result to the original state and displays unprocessed raw data. Perform the following steps to restore the original image. (See Figure 3-19.) (1) Press the 6 PRCS key. The setting field of the PROC setting at the bottom line of the scan screen is video-inverted. Then the image processing mode starts. (2) Set ORG (Original image) using the cursor keys ▲▼. Original image will be performed. (3) To end the image processing mode, press the 6 PRCS key again. The normal display is shown as the item for the PROC “setting at the bottom of the screen and image processing mode is ended. A: Before processing B: After processing Figure 3-19 Original image - 58 - 3.5 How to determine depths and sample scan data The reflected waves shown in the scan example in Figure 3-20 are reflections of rebar. (↓ position) The position of the object to be probed (e.g., reinforcing steel) in the traveling direction is determined as the peak of the reflected wave. An approximate depth (covering depth) of the object to be probed (e.g., reinforcing steel) is determined as the center of the reflected wave. Perform depth calibration (see Section 3.2.6 Depth) to reduce the error in the depth (covering depth) of the object being probed (such as rebar). Use the A-mode waveform from BA-mode (see Section 3.3.1 Mode switching) to determine the position of the object to be probed. The position of the object to be probed (such as rebar) is shown by the peak on the right side of the A-mode waveform. Match the cursor to the peak position to determine the depth. Figure 3-20 Scan example ：Position of rebar shown among the reflected waves of the scan results (The mark is not actually shown in the scan results.) 200mm 200mm 200mm 60mm 120mm 180mm 240mm 300mm 測定方 スタート Vertical cross sectional drawing of object to be probed :Φ=10cm rebar Measurement direction Start - 59 - 3.6 External output methods This product is equipped with functions for printing the screen to a special printer (option) and a function for saving scan data to a CF memory. The following explains how to use the functions: 3.6.1 Printer output (1) Setting of an output destination Press the 4 SET key on the scan screen, and set printer (I) to the ouput setting on the parameter setting screen. (2) Installation of the printer Set up the printer so that the IrDA optical receiver faces the IrDA optical receiver on the front of this product at a distance of between 50 and 500 mm. Note that if there is an obstacle between this product and printer or the printer is not installed at an angle of ±15 degrees, the printer is unable to operate. (3) Printing Pressing the 13 OUTPUT key enables printing to the printer. Data in the range from 0 m (0 s) up to the currently displayed screen contents will be printed. During output to the printer, "Date, Data No." as well as the message "Under printing" will be displayed on the LCD screen. • The printer has a software DIP switch which allows to select one of communication modes: BHT-IR, Serial, and IrDA. It is set to Serial at the factory shipment. Therefore change the setting from Serial to IrDA before starting to use. Otherwise the printer at the setting Serial does not work with the NJJ-105. For the procedure to change the setting, refer to the attached document Note: Operation of Handy Search NJJ-105 Option Printer DPU-S445. (The setting of DIP switch is kept after turning off the printer.) • The printer DPU-S445 is a dedicated printer only to the NJJ-105. Don’t use the printer for other products (NJJ-95 series). If this printer is applied to other products, the software DIP switch setting is changed, then after that the printer doesn’t work for the NJJ-105. If this situation happened, change the DIP switch setting to IrDA in accordance with the document Note: Operation of Handy Search NJJ-105 Option Printer DPU-S445. Notes - 60 - • The output to the printer supports only the black and white print with 16 gradation. Therefore the printed image is not matched with the image displayed on this product (128 colors, black and white of 16 gradation). • The output to the printer prints out a simplified image. The printed image is generated by deducting the data periodically from the scan result. (Horizontally one line deduction per one line printing at the display rage settings of D (Deep), N (Normal), and S (Shallow) , and three line deduction per one line printing at the display range settings of DW (Deep Wide), NW (Normal Wide), and SW (Shallow Wide). Vertically one point deduction per one point printing.) The cursor and cursor markers located on the deducted data are moved and printed on the printed data. Therefore the printed position of the cursor and cursor markers may not be matched visually with the image display on the product. (where the printed coordinates are matched with the displayed coordinates. • Use the recommended printer set (Refer Table 1-3). • For details on the printer, see the printer instruction manual. • To stop the print out in the middle of printing, press the 13 OUTPUT key. • The printing range is from 0 m (0 s) up to the currently displayed screen contents. To print all the scan data, scroll to the last scan screen using the cursor keys , and then start printing. • The direction of printed image data changes in accordance with the setting of the screen inversion function. For the printer to always output image data in the same direction, retain the same setting normal or reverse for the disp.direction setting. See Section 2.3.2 disp.direction. • As the voltage of the printer's battery pack lowers, the printing speed decreases. Replace the battery pack as soon as a sign of a voltage drop is detected. • When the message "Charge the printer's battery" is displayed on the screen, the voltage of the printer's battery pack has lowered. In this case, charge the battery pack or change to a fully charged battery pack according to the message, and pr…

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- 79 - 4 Theory 4.1 Principle of Operation The principle of this product is basically the same as for general radars widely used at present. Electromagnetic waves are transmitted from the antenna toward the concrete as shown in Figure 4-1. The electromagnetic waves are reflected by an interface with the reflecting objects (e.g., reinforcing steel bars or cavities) whose electrical property is different from that of concrete. The waves are reflected back onto the surface of concrete and received by the receiving antenna placed near the concrete surface. The distance to the reflecting objects can be calculated from the time the reflected waves need to reach the receiving antenna. The horizontal locations of the objects can be detected by moving the main unit on the surface of concrete. Since this product is designed to probe objects with high resolution that are near from the surface of concrete, it transmits pulse waves having a width of only about one nanosecond (one-billionth of a second) or less. Figure 4-1 Diagram of Principle Figure 4-2 shows a wave reflected by a reinforcing steel bar or the like in a concrete structure, which is obtained by this product. Figure 4-2 Sample of Reflected Waveform T Time Reflected wave from rebar Trans. wave Reflection Concrete surface Inside concrete Rebar Trans antenna Rec. antenna Trans. Rec. - 80 - Velocity V of electromagnetic waves in concrete is obtained from the following formula: （ｍ／ｓ） ε Ｃ Ｖ＝ ｒ C: Velocity of electromagnetic waves in vacuum (in air) (3 × 10 8 m/s) ε r : Relative dielectric constant of concrete (6 to 11 in the example) Distance D to the reflecting object is obtained from the following formula: （ｍ）ＶＴ ２ １ Ｄ＝ 4.2 Applicable Conditions (1) Applicable measuring conditions (Waves reflected by objects to be scaned in reinforced concrete structures must be received adequately, so the applicable measuring conditions vary slightly depending on the on-site condition.) ○ Search depth (covering depth) within 0.5 ~ 30 cm (for concrete with a relative dielectric constant ＝ 6.2 everywhere and the top rebar of diameter ≧ 6mm) ○ Objects to be probed that are at a depth of less than 75 mm have an interval spacing of at least 75 mm and where the depth of the object to be probed is greater than 75 mm, the interval spacing of the objects is more than the depth ○ Quality of concrete: Uniform ○ Direction of reinforcing steel: Orthogonal to this product's traveling direction (2) Inapplicable measuring conditions ○ Scan of reinforcing steel or the like in concrete whose surface contains objects such as metal that reflect radio waves ○ Presence of reinforcing steel bars that are parallel to this product's traveling direction ○ Concrete that has a narrow (pitch) arrangement for the interval of rebar in the horizontal direction (Target: depth less than 75 mm → interval between rebar, less than 75 mm Depth of greater than 75 mm → interval of rebar less than depth) D<75mm → L>75mm D≧75mm →L≦D×0.23 Difficult to implement D L Rebar Concrete - 81 - 5 Maintenance Inspection WARNING Do not attempt to disassemble, modify, or repair this product. Doing so could cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. When the power cord is damaged (exposed core wire, open circuit failure, or broken sheath), please contact our headquarters on Page 81 or our nearest branch office (See Section 9), sales outlet, or service station for a replacement power cord. Use of a damaged power cord could cause fire or electric shock. Stop using this product immediately when a sign of malfunctioning is detected, and follow only the detailed procedure in this instruction manual. If it cannot be restored to normal operation, contact our nearest branch office (See Section 9), sales outlet, or service station. Use of this product in abnormal state could cause fire or breakdown. Should this product emit an abnormal sound, odor, or smoke, immediately turn off the power switch, remove the battery pack, disconnect the power plug from the socket outlet, and contact our nearest branch office (See Section 9), sales outlet, or service station. Use of this product in abnormal state could cause fire, electric shock, or breakdown. 5.1 Daily Inspection Before attempting to operate this product, confirm that the battery pack, optional equipment cables, and the like are connected correctly and there is no abnormality in appearance. 5.2 Daily Maintenance Users are not to carry out any maintenance except for cleaning of this product's external surfaces. Wipe out stains with a soft damp cloth (which was squeezed of any excess water after being soaked in cold or warm water), and then wipe this product with a dry cloth again. Do not use solvents such as thinner, benzine, and alcohol because they may damage the top finish of this product. - 82 - 5.3 Troubleshooting This product's states listed below are not always a sign of trouble. Check for this product again before asking for repair. Main unit state Check Items and Response The main unit cannot be turned on. Nothing is displayed. • Check if the battery pack is mounted. →Mount a fully charged battery pack according to Section 3.1 Scan preparation. • Check if the battery pack is exhausted. →Mount a fully charged battery pack according to Section 3.1 Scan preparation. • Check if the power plug of the AC adapter is connected. →Connect the AC adapter correctly according to Section 3.1 Scan preparation. • Check if the battery pack is mounted while the output plug of the AC adapter is connected to the AC input connector on this product. →Disconnect the AC adapter according to according to Section 3.1 Scan preparation, and operate this product with the battery pack. The battery pack is exhausted rapidly. • Check if the battery pack is charged sufficiently. →Charge the battery pack fully according to Section 3.10.2 Charging Device BC-3008 series. • Has the battery pack itself reached the end of its life? → Exchange it for a new battery pack that is fully charged. Scanning do…

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